Forms of Public Private Partnership Investment in Vietnam

  Public investment in Vietnam is not just limited to the transportation infrastructure, electricity, renewable energy, water, health and environment, but also in areas such as education, training, vocational training, culture, sports, commercial infrastructure complex, science and technology, economic zones, industrial zones...

Vietnam is in the development stage that needs significant investment in infrastructure.  However, the state budget is limited, and donor funds have been reduced and limited. Therefore, the investment pattern in the form of public-private partnership (also known as PPP) is an effective solution to this problem. PPP has been expected to mobilize resources for investment in infrastructure from the private sector, from both domestic and foreign investment.

Investments in the form of public-private partnership investment is made on the basis of contracts between competent state agencies and investors or project company for the implementation, management and operation of the project in infrastructure, or providing public services. Accordingly, investors, project company shall be authorized to implement investment projects on construction or renovation, upgrading, expansion, management and operation of infrastructure projects or providing public services.

The investment contracts in the form of public-private partnership are defined in Vietnam as following.

BOT Contract

“Build – Operate – Transfer contract” (referred to as BOT contract) means a type of contract to build an infrastructure project between a competent state agency and an investor; after completing the construction, the investor shall be entitled to operate it for a specified period of time; eventually, the investor shall transfer it to the Vietnam competent state agency.

BTO Contract

“Build – Transfer – Operate contract” (referred to as BTO contract) means a type of contract to build an infrastructure project between a competent state agency and an investor; after completing the construction, the investor shall transfer it to the competent agency, and shall be entitled to operate it for an agreed period of time.

BT Contract

“Build – Transfer contract” (referred to as BT contract) means a type of contract to build an infrastructure project between a regulatory agency and an investor; after completing the construction, the investor shall transfer it to the competent agency, and then the investor will be allotted a land parcel used for carrying out another project.

BOO Contract

“Build – Own – Operate contract” (referred to as BOO contract) is a type of contract to build an infrastructure project between a competent agency and an investor; after completing the construction, the investor shall take ownership of this project and have the right to operate it for a specified period of time.

BTL Contract

The Build – Transfer – Lease contract (referred to as BTL contract) means a type of contract to build an infrastructure project between a competent agency and an investor; after completing the construction, the investor shall transfer it to the regulatory agency and shall be entitled to provide services on the basis of operation of such project for a specified period of time; the competent agency shall lease and make payment for the investor’s services.

BLT Contract

“Build – Lease – Transfer contract” (referred to as BLT contract) means a type of contract to build an infrastructure project between a competent agency and an investor; after completing the construction, the investor shall have the right to provide services on the basis of operation of such projector a specified period of time; the competent agency shall lease and make payment for the investor’s services according to the regulation; when the lease term expires, such project shall be transferred to the competent agency.

O&M Contract

“Operation & Management contract” (hereinafter referred to as O&M contract) means a type of contract to operate the project between a competent agency and an investor for a specified period of time.

Finding the right business partner in Vietnam is also important. We recommend doing research on the reputation of the company and individual shareholders, corporate or individual, gathering publicly available company information, and performing background checks on key personnel to find potential risks in cooperation. Working with a reliable partner can help achieve economic benefits, saving time and money in business.